ABOUT THE JOURNAL

AIM: The International Journal of Human Genetics (Int J Hum Genet) is designed for prompt publication of original and significant articles on all aspects of Human Genetics (Anthropogenetics, Biochemical Genetics, Biometry, Clinical Genetics, Cytogenetics, Genetic Epidemiology, Genetic Testing, Evolution and Population Genetics, Immunogenetics, Molecular Genetics). The journal also covers ethical issues and genetic counselling. It aims to serve as a forum of life scientists and health professionals, especially those who share a common interest in understanding human beings.

ABSTRACTING AND INDEXING SERVICES: THE Journal is indexed in Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, Science Citation Index Expanded (SciSearch®), Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition, Biotechnology Citation Index®, Indian Science Abstracts' (ISA) database, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS), India (NAAS Rating 4.0), DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals, http://www.doaj.org) and other indices

DISCIPLINES COVERED: The journal publishes original papers on current research and practical programmes, short notes, news items, book reviews, reports of meetings and professional announcements on all aspects of human genetics. Constructive criticisms and discussions of published papers and letters of relevance and interest to the readership will be published at the discretion of the Managing Editor. The journal is committed to prompt review, and priority publication is given to manuscripts with novel or timely findings, and to manuscripts of unusual interests. The researchers are invited to submit original papers in English (papers published elsewhere or under consideration elsewhere shall not be submitted).

FREQUENCY: There shall be four issues, one volume per year (March, June, September, and December).

MANUSCRIPT: Manuscript along with disk should be submitted to the Administrative Editor, B-2 (Ground Floor), South City II, Gurgaon 122 018, Haryana, India or e-mail to: kre@airtelmail.in. Materials submitted for publication are to be prepared in accordance with The Guide for Contributors, which is published MARCH issue of the journal (or visit our website: www.krepublishers.com). Manuscripts which do not fully confirm to Journal style will be returned to the Authors.

REVIEW OF ARTICLE: All papers and articles submitted are subjected to review. The possible exceptions are in the case of occasional invited papers and editorials, or where a partial or entire volume is devoted to a special theme.

SPECIAL ISSUE/VOLUME: Scholars are welcome to edit an entire Special Issue/Volume of the journal in their field of specialisation as a Guest Editor. For details write to the Administrative Editor, B-2 (Ground Floor), South City II, Gurgaon 122 018, Haryana, India or e-mail to: kre@airtelmail.in.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES: The annual subscription price for twelve issues, four volumes per year for institution, libraries and other corporate bodies is US$ 200/- Rs. 6000/- (Single Issue: US $ 55/- Rs. 1750/-). Rupee prices are valid in India. Subscription rates include postage air mail delivery.

COMPLEMENTARY PUBLICATION: Regular Subscriber to the journal will get free Special and Supplement Issues of the journal

COPYRIGHTS ©: Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, or thesis) that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that if and when the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agree to automatic transfer of the copyright to the publisher. © Kamla-Raj Enterprises. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Administrative Editor, B-2 (Ground Floor), South City II, Gurgaon 122 018, Haryana, India or e-mail to: kre@airtelmail.in

CHANGE OF ADDRESS: Forward change of address about two months prior to move.

MISSING ISSUE: Claims for undelivered copies will be accepted only after the following issue is received. Missing copies will be supplied when issues have been sustained in transit and where reserve stock permits.

CANCELLATION: Subscription cancellations will not be accepted after the first issue has been mailed.

DISPUTE: Subject to DELHI Jurisdiction only, in case of any dispute

INSTRUCTIONS TO CONTRIBUTORS

AIM: The International Journal of Human Genetics (Int J Hum Genet) is designed for prompt publication of original and significant articles in the field of Human Genetics. It aims to serve as a forum of life scientists and health professionals, especially those who share common interest in understanding man.

EDITORIAL POLICY:It contains original papers on current research and practical programmes, short notes, news items, book reviews, reports of meetings and professional announcements. Constructive critiques and discussions of published papers and letters, which are of relevance and of interest to the readership, are published at the discretion of the Editor. The journal is published in English; spelling and usage conforms to the Oxford English Dictionary; for consistency and simplicity in style because for many subscribers English is a second language. Place names should be spelled in the form officially used in the country under discussion; where this differs from the commonly known name of the English-language name, the other name should be written in parentheses. For practical purposes, accents may be omitted on non-English names.

FREQUENCY: There shall be four issues, one volume per year.

SUBMISSION OF MANUSCRIPT: For the initial submission of manuscripts for consideration, submit a hardcopy with disk to the Administrative Editor, B-2 (Ground Floor), South City II, Gurgaon 122 018, Haryana, India or e-mail to: kre@airtelmail.in. Prepare the manuscript as per style of the Journal. Manuscripts, which do not fully confirm to Journal style, will be returned to the Authors.

FORMALITIES: The contributors may send the papers to the Administrative Editor. The paper will be screened only (not reviewed) by the Members of the Editorial Board for its suitability to be considered for publication and If it is observed suitable than the Corresponding Author is asked to complete the initial formalities as follow:

1. Review of Paper: The contributors may provide the names of at least three Referees in the field of specialisation as the subject of the paper demands, to whom we may request for review of the paper (Please provide separate List of Referees for each paper) The Referees should be other than the Members of Editorial Board of the Journal, who are known to you and aware of the research activities of your Department/Institute, but are not from yours' Department/Institute (Please provide their postal & e-mail address and field of specialisation). The possible exceptions are in the case of occasional invited papers and editorials, or where a partial or entire volume is devoted to a special theme.
2. Processing Fee: Pay the processing fee of the paper and for Black and White and Coloured Photographs, if any in the paper (Not for Line Drawings/Graphs in Black and White only), which is mandatory.  Please check that the payment of Processing Fee (PF) is not a guarantee that the paper may be accepted as it is.

ACCEPTED PAPER: After final acceptance, the disk along with the final and exactly matching printed versions with the underlining clearly marked should be submitted or e-mail the text to kre@airtelmail.in. Acceptance of paper will be acknowledged via e-mail.

DISK: We can accept files created by MS Word. The disk label must contain the information — your name and name of text file(s) containing your submission. Footnote text should be placed as endnotes following the last page to text.

AUTHORISATION AND DECLARATION: Authors must accept full responsibility for the content of their articles. The Members of the Editorial Board and the Publisher of the journal are not responsible for the statements and opinions expressed by the authors in their articles/write-up published in the journal.  It is also for the authors to seek the permission whose copyrighted material they may use in preparation of their manuscript. While submitting the paper the author (s) must give a declaration that, “the article has not been published or sent for publication elsewhere”.

SIZE: An article should not generally exceed twelve printed pages (18 double spaced typed pages of MS Word). The authors would be charged for additional pages, even if a longer article is accepted for publication.  Reporting of frequency data may be accepted in the form of small report. Such reports should generally not exceed four pages, including tables/figures.

TITLE: The paper title, author’s name, affiliation, complete address, Fax number, and e-mail address should appear on the first page of the article. When there is more than one author, the correspondence will be sent to the first author, unless otherwise requested.

RUNNING HEAD: Not more than 40 characters (including spaces) should be identified on the title page.

ABSTRACT: Not exceeding 250 words.

KEYWORDS: Not exceeding six should accompany the manuscript.

TABLE: Each table should be typed separately and marked in the text in numerical order.

ILLUSTRATION: It should be clear, concise, and good for reproduction (maximum size for illustrations is 120 x 180 mm/80x160mm). All illustrations are referred to as Figures.

PHOTOGRAPH: Photograph should be sharp for reproduction (maximum size for photographs is 120 x 180mm/80x160 mm). The cost of the reproduction of black and white and coloured photographs will be borne by the author(s).

LIST: A separate list of tables, figures, and illustrations with captions should accompany the manuscript.

METRIC SYSTEM: The metric system should conform to the International System of Units (S. I.).

REFERENCES: These should be listed at the end of article, arranged alphabetically according to the surnames of the authors and then chronologically. Following are examples of the proper reference style of various sources:

Journals:

Bhasin MK, Foerster W, Fuhrmann W I973. A cytogenetic study of recurrent abortion. Humangenetik, 18: 111-117.

Books:

Bhasin MK, Chahal SMS 1996. A Laboratory Manual for Human Blood Analysis. Delhi: Kamla-¬Raj Enterprises.

Sections of Books:

Bhasin MK, Walter H, Danker-Hopfe H 1994. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and abnormal haemoglobins (HB S and HB E) in people of India. In: Veena Bhasin (Ed.): People Health and Disease: The Indian Scenario. Delhi: Kamla-Raj Enterprises pp. 131-159.

Meeting Paper:

Bhasin MK 2003. Genetics of Castes and Tribes of India. Paper presented in the Seminar on Peopling of India at Central Forensic Science Laboratory. Kolkata, March 19 – 20.

Report:

Hasstedt SJ, Cartwright PE 1981. PAP: Pedigree Analysis Package. Tech Rep No 13, Department of Biophysics and Computing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City.

Thesis / Dissertation:

Mallikarjuna Rao 2001. A Strategy for the Definitive Diagnosis of Fragile X Syndrome and Correlation of Mutational Status to the ClinicalSeverity. Ph.D. thesis, Unpublished. Hyderabad: Osmania University.

Work “in press”:

Bhasin MK 2004. Human population cytogenetics: A review. Int J Hum Genet, (in press).

Website:

Fattovich R 2008. The development of urbanism in the Northern Horn of Africa in ancient and Medieval Times.http://www.arkeologi.uu.se/afr/projects/BOOK/fattowich.pdf (Retrieved 2/19/2008)

When there are more than five authors use et al. in place of rest of the authors.

REFERENCES IN THE TEXT: References citations in the text should be in parentheses and include author name(s) and year of publication. Text citations of two or more works at the time should be given in chronological order. When citing a paper written by three or more authors, write the name of the first author plus “et al”. (However, all authors must be given in the Reference section). Where there are two or more papers by the same author in one year, distinguishing letter (a, b, c....) should be added to year. All references should be carefully crosschecked; it is the author’s responsibility to ensure that references are correct.

PROOFS: A single set of page and illustration proofs will be sent to the corresponding author for correction of typographical errors only; alterations other than correction of printer errors will be charged to the author. All corrections should be marked clearly, directly on page proofs

OFFPRINT: These may be ordered at prices shown on the order blank accompanying proofs. No free reprints are supplied, but any number in excess of 100, with or without covers, may be purchased. The order, along with payment, for reprints and extra printed pages (if paper exceeds twelve printed pages) should be sent with the corrected hard copy of the galley proofs.

SPECIAL ISSUE/VOLUME: Scholars are welcome to edit an entire Special Issue/Volume of the journal in their field of specialisation as a Guest Editor. For details write to the Administrative Editor, B-2 (Ground Floor), South City II, Gurgaon 122 018, Haryana, India or e-mail to: kre@airtelmail.in

COPYRIGHTS © Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, or thesis) that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that if and when the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agree to automatic transfer of the copyright to the publisher. © Kamla-Raj Enterprises. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to The Administrative Editor, , B-2 (Ground Floor), South City II, Gurgaon 122 018, Haryana, India or e-mail to: kre@airtelmail.in.

DISPUTE: Subject to DELHI Jurisdiction only, in case of any dispute

SEND SUBSCRIPTIONS AND BUSINESS CORRESPONDENCE TO: Kamla-Raj Enterprises, Post Box No. 1120, Delhi G.P.O., Delhi 110 006, India.

GUIDE FOR CONTRIBUTORS

THE JOURNAL PUBLISHES SUBMISSIONS IN FOUR CATEGORIES

1. RESEARCH ARTICLES

2. BOOK REVIEWS

3. ANNOUNCE­MENTS

4. NOTES AND COMMENTS

DIFFERENT FORMATS AND REQUIREMENTS OBTAIN FOR EACH CATEGORY

RESEARCH ARTICLES

MANUSCRIPT:

For the initial submission of manuscripts for consideration, submit a hardcopy with disk [The manuscript, including references cited, should be typed or laser-printed, double-spaced on bond or heavy-bodied paper A4 or 8.5x11.7” (21 x 29.5 cm), or the nearest local equivalent, with a 1” (2.5 cm) margin on all sides. Number the manuscript pages consecutively, beginning with the title page. Submit an original manuscript, including the text and one set of original illustrations. In addition, two copies of the text and two good-quality copies of the illustrations are required for review purposes. The manuscript should have a uniform style and be submitted exactly as it is to appear in print.]
OR
E-mail the text to kre@airtelmail.in
The manuscripts are categorised under three types - Regular Articles, Short Communications and Reviews. Prepare the manuscript as per style of the Journal. Manuscripts which do not fully confirm to Journal style will be returned to the Authors.


MANUSCRIPT SHOULD CONSIST OF THE FOLLOWING SUBDIVISIONS (1-10) EACH PREPARED AS A UNIT ON SEPARATE SHEETS:

1. Title Page
   The title page must contain:
   · Title
   · Author’s Name (or Names)
   · Institution from which the paper emanated, with City, State, Country, Postal Code, and E-mail Address
   · Number of Text Pages, plus References, Figures, Graphs, Charts, and Tables
   · Abbreviated Title (Running Headline) not to exceed 50 letters and spaces
   · Name, Address, Telephone Number, Fax Number, and E-mail Address of the Person to whom all the correspondence is to be addressed.
   
2. Key words
   Key words should be included, should not repeat terms used in the article title, and should not exceed 80 characters and spaces.
3. Abstract
   The abstract should consist of 250 words or less. The abstract should be written in complete sentences and should succinctly state the objectives, the experimental design of the paper, and the principal observations and conclusions; it should be intelligible without reference to the rest of the paper.
4. Text
   · Indent the first line of every paragraph.
   · Do not divide words at the ends of lines; if they are unfamiliar to the printer, they may be incorrectly hyphenated.
   · Corrections to the manuscript should be typed or printed legibly in ink.
   · Do not begin sentences with abbreviations.
   · The word ‘Figure” is not abbreviated in the text, except when it appears in parentheses: (Fig. 2) (Figs. 4-6).
   · The spelling of nontechnical terms should be that recommended in the current Webster’s International Dictionary.
   · Always spell out numbers when they stand as the first word in a sentence; do not follow such numbers with abbreviations. Numbers indicating time, weight, and measurements are to be in Arabic numerals when followed by abbreviations (e.g., 5 mm; 4 sec; 9 ml)
   · Use italic font for text that is to be italicized. If italic font is not available, use normal font and underline text.
5. Acknowledgement (if any)
   The acknowledgement should consist of 150 words or less. The acknowledgement should be written in complete sentences.
6. FootnotesFootnote text should be placed as endnotes following the last page to text. Footnotes to the text should be limited as much as possible and must be numbered consecutively. The corresponding reference numbers must be clearly indicated in the text. Additional references to the identical footnotes are to be numbered with the next following consecutive number; for example:
   2Material used for this experiment was provided by
   3See footnote 2.
   Footnotes to a table should be typed directly beneath the table and numbered with superscripts (1, 2, 3, etc.). They should not be numbered in sequence with the footnotes in the text. Also, if superscript numbers could be mistaken for exponents, substitute superscript a, b, c, etc.
7. References
   References in the Text: References citations in the text should be in parentheses and include author name(s) and year of publication. Text citations of two or more works at the time should be given in chronological order. When citing a paper written by three or more authors, write the name of the first author plus “et al.” (However, all authors must be given in the Reference section). Where there are two or more papers by the same author in one year, distinguishing letter (a, b, c....) should be added to year. All references should be carefully cross-checked; it is the author’s responsibility to ensure that references are correct.
   Examples:
   In the text, references to the literature should be cited by author’s surname followed by year of publication:
   . ……..studies by Sanghvi (1978) reveal……….
   ………studies by Bhasin and Fuhrmann (1972) reveal………
   ………studies by Bhasin et al. (1973) reveal ……………..
   ……...an earlier report (Haldane 1940) ……………..
   When more than one author is cited, the listing should be first alphabetical by name and then chronological by date:
   ……...earlier reports (Bhasin et al. 1992, 1993; Walter et al. 1993)………
   When references are made to more than one paper by the same author, published in the same year, they should be designated in the text as (Dutta and Kashyap 2001a,b)
   Dutta R, Kashyap VK 2001a. Genetic variation observed at three tetrameric short tandem repeat loci HumO1, TP0X, and CSF1PO – in five ethnic population groups of northeastern India. Am J Hum Biol, 13: 23-29.
   Dutta R, Kashyap VK 2001b. Genetic variation at ministaellite loci D1S7, D4S139, D5S110 and D17S79 among three population groups of eastern India. J Genet, 80: 23-30.
   References should be listed at the end of article, arranged alphabetically according to the surnames of the authors and then chronologically. Following are examples of the proper reference style of various sources:
   Journals:
   Bhasin MK, Foerster W, Fuhrmann W I973. A cytogenetic study of recurrent abortion. Humangenetik, 18: 111-117.
   Books:
   Bhasin MK, Chahal SMS 1996. A Laboratory Manual for Human Blood Analysis. Delhi: Kamla-Raj Enterprises.
   Sections of Books:
   Bhasin MK, Walter H, Danker-Hopfe H 1994. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and abnormal haemoglobins (HB S and HB E) in people of India. In: Veena Bhasin (Ed.): People Health and Disease: The Indian Scenario. Delhi: Kamla-Raj Enterprises pp. 131-159.
   Meeting Paper:
   Bhasin MK 2003. Genetics of Castes and Tribes of India. Paper presented in the Seminar on Peopling of India at Central Forensic Science Laboratory. Kolkata, March 19 – 20.
   Report:
   Hasstedt SJ, Cartwright PE 1981. PAP: Pedigree Analysis Package. Tech Rep No 13, Department of Biophysics and Computing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City.
   Thesis / Dissertation:
   Mallikarjuna Rao 2001. A Strategy for the Definitive Diagnosis of Fragile X Syndrome and Correlation of Mutational Status to the Clinical Severity. Ph.D. thesis submitted to Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.
   Work “in press”:
   Bhasin MK 2004. Human population cytogenetics: A review. Int J Hum Genet, (in press).
   Website:
   Code of Nüremberg 1947 (on line) (consulted 05-04-2002). http://www.bmlweb.org/serment_nuremberg.html
   When there are more than five authors use et al. in place of rest of the authors.
   The References list must be arranged alphabetically by Author’s or Authors’ Surname(s) and chronologically for each author, in the following style:
   Author’s Name (or Names), Year of Publication, Complete Title, Volume, and inclusive Pages as follows:
   Bhasin MK, Foerster W, Fuhrmann W I973. A cytogenetic study of recurrent abortion. Humangenetik, 18: 111-117.
   Bhasin MK 2003. Genetics of Castes and Tribes of India. Paper presented in the Seminar on Peopling of India at Central Forensic Science Laboratory. Kolkata, March 19 – 20.
   Bhasin MK 2004. Human population cytogenetics: A review. Int J Hum Genet, (in press).
   Bhasin MK, Chahal SMS 1996. A Laboratory Manual for Human Blood Analysis. Delhi: Kamla-Raj Enterprises.
   Bhasin MK, Foerster W, Fuhrmann W I973. A cytogenetic study of recurrent abortion. Humangenetik, 18: 111-117.
   Bhasin MK, Walter H, Danker-Hopfe H 1994. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and abnormal haemoglobins (HB S and HB E) in people of India. In: Veena Bhasin (Ed.): People Health and Disease: The Indian Scenario. Delhi: Kamla-Raj Enterprises pp. 131-159.
   Code of Nüremberg 1947 (on line) (consulted 05-04-2002). http://www.bmlweb.org/serment_nuremberg.html
   Hasstedt SJ, Cartwright PE 1981. PAP: Pedigree Analysis Package. Tech Rep No 13, Department of Biophysics and Computing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City.
   Mallikarjuna Rao 2001. A Strategy for the Definitive Diagnosis of Fragile X Syndrome and Correlation of Mutational Status to the Clinical Severity. Ph.D. thesis submitted to Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.
   Abbreviations of Journal titles should follow those used in Index Medicus
   
8. Tables
   All tables must be cited in the text. They should be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals. Tables should be paginated and page numbers should follow consecutively from the last page of the References section. If a Table continues over a page, note at the bottom of the page, e.g., “Table 2 continued on page x”; at the top of page x, note “Table 2 continued from page 1.” Since tabular material is expensive to reproduce, it should be simple and uncomplicated, with as few vertical and horizontal rules as possible. Type double spaced. Indicate in the margin where the tables are to appear in the text. Table titles should be complete but brief. Information other than that defining the data should be presented in footnotes, not in the table heading. Please consult a current issue of our journal for table heading format.
9. Figures/Illustrations
   All figures must be cited in the text. Figure legends are to be numbered consecutively as follows:
   Fig. 1. . . , Fig. 2... , and should follow the sequence of reference in the text. Type double spaced. Abbreviations for all figures should be listed alphabetically and placed before the first figure mentioning them: Whenever possible, figures should be integrated into the text. Reference to relevant text pages can often reduce the length of legends and avoid redundancy.
   Illustrations: Reproduction of illustrations is costly. Authors should limit the number of figures to that which adequately presents the findings. To achieve greatest fidelity and rendition of detail, it is preferable that the printer work directly from original drawings or high-quality photographic prints (but not photocopies made on an office duplicating machine). All illustrations must be submitted in complete and finished form with adequate labeling.
   To achieve optimum halftone quality, photographic prints submitted for reproduction must be of adequate contrast and if multiple prints are included in a single figure, they should be of uniform tone.
   Black-and-White Prints: Prints should be on white, nonmatte paper.
   Colour Illustrations: These can be made either from good-quality transparencies or from colour prints. Do not use silk finish or matte surface papers for colour prints. Authors are encouraged to submit colour illustrations that highlight the text and convey essential scientific information. For best reproduction, bright, clear colours should be used. Dark colours against a dark background do not reproduce well; please place your colour images against a white background wherever possible.
   For all the Black and White Photographs and Colour Figures authors are requested to pay the cost of reproducing them in print.
   Reduction to Printed Size: The author should indicate clearly on each illustration the reduction desired, bearing the following in mind:
   · Illustrations cannot be reduced to less than 20% of their submitted size.
   · Submitted line drawings cannot exceed 5 x 7½" (12x18 cm)/3½ x 6½" (8 x 16 cm).
   · Lettering and labels must be readable after reduction. When reduced the maximum height of a capital letter should not be less than 2.5 mm for photomicrograph and 1 mm for a graph or chart.
   · When printed, an individual figure or group of figures should not exceed the dimensions of 5” (12 cm) wide by 7½” (18cm) long, or 2.5” (6 cm) wide by 7½” (18 cm) long in the case of a single-column placement. Whereas for the book size (5½ x 9" - 14½ x 22 cm), it is 3½" (8 cm) wide by 6½" (16 cm) long for page size.
   As far as possible, the publisher will adhere to the author’s suggested reduction. However, discretionary adjustments may have to be made, and the scale of illustrated objects should be indicated in the figure, not in the caption.
   Line Drawings: Figures should be drawn with black ink on medium-weight white paper or lightweight artboard.
   · The reverse side of each illustration should indicate: Author’s Name; Number, Top Side of Illustration; Reduction Requested: “Review Copy” on those copies intended only for reviewers.
   · Do not fasten illustrations with paper clips, staples, etc., since they will mark the surface of the Illustrations.
   · Illustrations should be shipped flat and protected by heavy cardboard.
   Lettering and Labels: Illustrations should be lettered and numbered with printed paste-on or transfer labels.
   ·Typewriter and Dot-matrix fonts are in general not acceptable as labels.
   · Labels should be large enough to allow for suitable reduction and sturdy enough to withstand mailing and handling in the production process.
   · For protection, it is recommended that labeling be sprayed with clear adhesive to prevent it from becoming scratched or being torn off.
   · Labeling should be done directly on the drawing or photographic print, never on an overlay.
   · All labeling should be placed at least 1/8” (3 mm) from the edges of the illustrations.
   Numbering: Figures, including charts and graphs, should be numbered consecutively.
   
10. Appendix (if any)
    The Appendix should be avoided if possible
11. Metric System
    The metric system should be used for all measurements, weight, etc. Temperatures should always be expressed in degrees Celsius (centigrade). Metric abbreviations, as listed below, should be expressed in lower-case without periods.
    Length: km (kilometer); m (meter); cm (centimeter); mm (millimeter); μm (micrometer) (micron); nm (nanometer); pm (picometer); Å (Ångstrom unit) (10Å=1nm).
    Area: km2 (square kilometer); m2 (square meter), mm2 (square centimeter); nm2 (square millimeter); μm2 (square micrometer); nm2 (square nanometer); km3 (cubic kilometer); m3 (cubic meter); cm3 (cubic centimeter); mm3 (cubic millimeter); μm3 (cubic micrometer); nm3 (cubic nanometer).
    Volume: kl (kiloliter); liter (always spell out); ml (milliliter); μl (microliter); nl (nanoliter); pl (picoliter).
    Weight: kg (kilogram); gm (gram); mg (milligram); μg (microgram); ng (nanogram); pg (picogram).
    
12. Symbols
    When proceeded by a digit, the following symbols are to used: % percent; º for degree.
    SIZE:
    An article should not generally exceed twelve printed pages (18 double spaced typed pages of MS Word). The authors would be charged for additional pages, even if a longer article is accepted for publication. Reporting of frequency data may be accepted in the form of small report. Such reports should generally not exceed four pages, including tables/figures.
    SCREENING OF THE PAPER:
    Each paper is screened (not reviewed) by the Member of the Editorial Board to check its suitability for favour of publication in the Peer-reviewed Scientific and Research international journal. If it is observed that it can be considered for publication than the Corresponding Author is asked to complete the initial formalities i. e., List of Referees to review the paper and payment of processing fee of the paper.
    LIST OF REFEREES:
    The contributor may send the names of at least three Referees (Present Status Senior Reader -Associate Professor/Professor or equivalent) in the field of specialisation as the subject of the paper demands, who may be requested for review of the paper (Separate List of different Referees for each paper). The Referees should be other than the Members of Editorial Board of the Journal, who are known to you and aware of the research activities of your Department/Institute, but are not from yours' Department/Institute (Provide their postal & e-mail address and field of specialisation).
    PROCESSING FEE:
    The contributor has to pay the processing fee of the paper and photographs, if any, in the paper, which is mandatory. REVIEW OF PAPER:
    After receiving the list of Referees and payment, the paper will be processed to submit it for review to the Referees.
    ACCEPTED PAPER:
    After final acceptance, the disk along with the final and exactly matching printed versions with the underlining clearly marked should be submitted or e-mail the text to kre@airtelmail.in. Acceptance of paper will be acknowledged via e-mail.
    AUTHORISATION AND DECLARATION:
    Authors must accept full responsibility for the content of their articles. The Members of the Editorial Board and the Publisher of the journal are not responsible for the statements and opinions expressed by the authors in their articles/write-up published in the journal. It is also for the authors to seek the permission whose copyrighted material they may use in preparation of their manuscript. While submitting the paper the author (s) must give a declaration that “the article has not been published or sent for publication elsewhere”.
    

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviews are solicited by the Editor/Managing Editor. Unsolicited reviews will not ordinarily be considered for publication. A book review should begin by stating the Title, Author(s), Publisher, Date, Page Count, Price, and ISBN Number of the work reviewed:
Genetics of Castes and Tribes of India. By MK Bhasin and H Walter. Delhi: Kamla-Raj Enterprises. 2001. viii+516 pp., $60.00 (Hardbound). ISBN 81-85264-26-0
The review should include no other front matter (title, abstract, key words) headings, tables or illustrations. Bibliographical citations should be avoided if possible. The reviewer’s name and address should be placed at end of the review.


ANNOUNCE­MENTS

Announcements of general interest may be published without charge at the discretion of the Editor and Publisher. Submissions should consist of text only and be submitted exactly as they are to appear in print. Announcements concerning goods and services offered for sale will not be published gratis and must be submitted as advertising copy (For detail information write to the Publisher).

NOTES AND COMMENTS

The Notes and Comments section is reserved for short articles of general interest and responses to previously published items. Three categories of items are included in the Notes and Comments section:
1. Technical Notes,
2. Brief Communications,
3. Letters to the Editor
1. Technical Notes: These are very short, Methodological Articles.
2. Brief Communication: It reports the outcome of a very small, problem-based study Papers submitted as a Technical Note or Brief Communication should not ordinarily exceed 8 double spaced pages, including the Cover Page and References cited section. Tables, Figures, and References cited should be minimized.
3. Letters to the Editor: A letter should be of general interest or a response to a previously published item. Letters normally should not be longer than 1500 words, and figures, tables, and literature cited should be avoided. An author on whose article the letter writer is commenting will be given an opportunity to read the letter, and to respond. If the two letters are acceptable, the reply is published immediately after the original letter, preferably in the same issue of the journal.
In all other respects, submissions under these three headings should follow the rules governing the preparation of copy and illustrations for research articles.




OTHER INFORMATION

The editor and publisher reserve the right to return to the author for revision manuscripts and illustrations that are not in proper finished form. The Publisher reserves copyright of the article published in the journal.
Proof: A single set of page and illustration proofs will be sent to the corresponding author for correction of typographical errors only; alterations other than correction of printer errors will be charged to the author. All corrections should be marked clearly, directly on page proofs. The order, along with payment, for reprints etc. should be sent with the corrected proofs.
Reprints: Reprints of research articles and publications in Notes and Comments can be purchased at prices quoted on the reprint order form. Reprint orders should be returned with the proofs. No free reprints are supplied, but any number in excess of 100, with or without covers may be purchased. It is important to order initially sufficient quantity of reprints, since the price is substantially higher if they are ordered after the paper has been published. Reprints of announcements and book reviews are also available.

DISKETTE SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS

Storage Medium: 3-1/2” high-density disk in Windows
Software and Format: Microsoft Word 6.0 is preferred, although manuscripts prepared with any other microcomputer word processor are acceptable. Refrain from complex formatting; the Publisher will style your manuscript according to the Journal design specifications. Do not use desktop publishing software such as Adobe PageMaker. If you prepared your manuscript with one of these programs, export the text to a word processing format. Please make sure your word processing program’s “fast save” feature turned off. Please do not deliver files that contain hidden text: for example, do not use your word processor’s automated features to create footnote or references.
File Names: Submit the text and tables of each manuscript as a single file. Name each file with your last name.
Labels: Label all disks with your name, the file name, and the word processing program and version used.
Illustrations: All print reproduction requires files for full colour images to be in a CMYK colour space. If possible, ICC or ColorSync profiles of your output device should accompany all digital image submissions.
Check the final copy of your paper carefully, as any spelling mistakes and errors will be faithfully translated into typeset version. In case of mismatch between disk and hardcopy, the hardcopy will be taken as definitive version.
To avoid loss or damage in transit ensure that the disk is adequately protected and always keep a copy of the data on your computer and/or backup disk.
KRE does not intend to return the disk to the originator.

© KAMLA-RAJ ENTERPRISES

COPYRIGHTS:
Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, or thesis) that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that if and when the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agree to automatic transfer of the copyright to the publisher. © Kamla-Raj Enterprises. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to The Administrative Editor, C/o Ms Kamla-Raj Enterprises, 2273, Gali Bari Paharwali, Chawri Bazar, Delhi 110 006, India (E-mail: kre@airtelmail.in)
DISPUTE:
Subject to DELHI Jurisdiction only, in case of any dispute

SUBMISSION CHECKLIST

Thank you for deciding to submit your paper to International Journal of Human Genetics (IJHG).
Please make sure that you have satisfied the points on following checklist before submitting your manuscript. If you have any questions about the submission process, please contact kre@vsnl.com, kre@airtelmail.in
INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONTRIBUTORS/GUIDE FOR CONTRIBUTORS
Prepare the manuscript as per style of the journal. Read the detailed Instructions for Contributors/Guide for Contributors for International Journal of Human Genetics (IJHG).
PEER REVIEWERS
Provide the contact details of at least three potential peer reviewers for your paper. These should be experts in your field of study, who will be able to provide an objective assessment of the manuscript's quality. Any peer reviewers that you suggest should not be members of the same research institution. They should not be one of the Editorial advisers for the journal, unless they work precisely in your field.
Full Name:
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Field of Specialisation:
Name and Address of Institute/Department/University:
Postal Address:
Telephone: (Office)/ (Residence),
Mobile:
Fax:
E-mail addresses: (MUST)
MANUSCRIPT FILES
Do you have all the files for the manuscript in an acceptable format?
· Main Manuscript: MS Word
· Tables Files: MS Word Tables should not be included in the manuscript file.
· Figure Files: Must be separate files, not embedded in the main manuscript.
· Figures/Tables: Refer in the text the place to insert the Tables/Figures.
ARTICLE PROCESSING CHARGES
Payment of processing fee, photographs, for extra pages (if an article exceed twelve printed pages) and for alterations other than correction of printer errors are mandatory, but not for order for reprints. The corresponding author will get a free copy only, but the other contributor/s can buy a copy.
CONDITIONS OF SUBMISSION AND KRE JOURNAL COPYRIGHT
Do you confirm that all the authors of the manuscript have read and agreed to its content, that readily reproducible materials described in the manuscript will be freely available to any scientist wishing to use them for non-commercial purposes? Do you confirm that the manuscript is original, has not already been published in a journal and is not currently under consideration by another journal?
©Kamla-Raj Enterprises. All rights reserved. No part of this publication (International Journal of Human Genetics) may be reproduced in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Yes, I am submitting author of this article and I accept the conditions of submission and the KRE Journal Copyright.

MANUSCRIPT

MANUSCRIPT SHOULD CONSIST OF THE FOLLOWING SUBDIVISIONS (1-10)
EACH PREPARED AS A UNIT ON SEPARATE SHEETS:

TITLE PAGE

Title
Author’s Name
Institution from which the paper emanated, with City, State, Country, Postal Code, and E-mail Address
Abbreviated Title (Running Headline) not to exceed 50 letters and spaces
Name, Address, Telephone Number, Fax Number, and E-mail Address of the Person to whom the all the correspondence is to be sent.


KEY WORDS

Key words should not repeat terms used in the article title, and should not exceed 80 characters and spaces




ABSTRACT

The abstract should consist of 250 words or less. The abstract be written in complete sentences and should succinctly state the objectives, the experimental design of the paper, and the principal observations and conclusions; it should be intelligible without reference to the rest of the paper.


TEXT

I. INTRODUCTION
II. METHODOLOGY
III. RESULTS
IV. DISCUSSION
V. CONCLUSION
VI. RECOMMENDATIONS


ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

NOTES

REFERENCES

REFERENCES: These should be listed at the end of article, arranged alphabetically according to the surnames of the authors and then chronologically. Following are examples of the proper reference style of various sources but while listing there should not be any separate subheading/s for Journals/Books/Newspapers/Magazines etc. Avoid using IBID and OP. CIT. in the text.
Journals:
Bhasin MK, Foerster W, Fuhrmann W I973. A cytogenetic study of recurrent abortion. Humangenetik, 18: 111-117.
Books:
Bhasin MK, Chahal SMS 1996. A Laboratory Manual for Human Blood Analysis. Delhi: Kamla-­Raj Enterprises.
Sections of Books:
Bhasin MK, Walter H, Danker-Hopfe H 1994. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and abnormal haemoglobins (HB S and HB E) in people of India. In: Veena Bhasin (Ed.): People Health and Disease: The Indian Scenario. Delhi: Kamla-Raj Enterprises pp. 131-159.
Meeting Paper:
Bhasin MK 2003. Genetics of Castes and Tribes of India. Paper presented in the Seminar on Peopling of India at Central Forensic Science Laboratory. Kolkata, March 19 – 20.
Report:
Hasstedt SJ, Cartwright PE 1981. PAP: Pedigree Analysis Package. Tech Rep No 13, Department of Biophysics and Computing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City.
Thesis / Dissertation:
Mallikarjuna Rao 2001. A Strategy for the Definitive Diagnosis of Fragile X Syndrome and Correlation of Mutational Status to the Clinical Severity. Ph.D. thesis submitted to Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.
Work “in press”:
Bhasin MK 2004. Human population cytogenetics: A review. Int J Hum Genet, (in press).
Website:
Fattovich R 2008. The development of urbanism in the Northern Horn of Africa in ancient and Medieval Times. Retrieved 2/19/2008 http://www.arkeologi.uu.se/afr/projects/BOOK/fattowich.pdf
When there are more than five authors used et al.
REFERENCES IN THE TEXT: References citations in the text should be in parentheses and include author name(s) and year of publication. Text citations of two or more works at the time should be given in chronological order. When citing a paper written by three or more authors, write the name of the first author plus “et al.” (However, all authors must be given in the Reference section). Where there are two or more papers by the same author in one year, distinguishing letter (a, b, c....) should be added to year. All references should be carefully cross-checked; it is the author’s responsibility to ensure that references are correct.

Tables

FIGURES/Illustrations

Appendix (if any)