The present Special Issue with collection of nine papers should enable the researcher/student and the clinician in better appreciating the importance of the GENE EXPRESSION SIGNATURES (GES), which can potentially improve diagnosis and/or prognosis. Cancer is a multi-factorial disease and hence, the approach has been to identify biomarkers in the continuum between the onset and disease progression. Collaborations (for e.g., multi-centric projects), in India as well as globally, that will synergize the efforts of clinicians, epidemiologists, scientists (wet-lab and social), computational biologists and bio-informaticians will improve our ability for inter-laboratory comparison of data. Cost-effective methods without compromising on the sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility, robustness, scalability, with ease of operation would be especially relevant in translating research ideas from the bench-side to the chair-side/bedside.
